Radiator.



D McR. LIVINGSTON.

RADIATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I7. 1915- PatentedSept. 11, 1917.

WITNESSES ping drawings ficatlon lIl wh UNITED STATES OFFICE.

D McBA LIVINGSTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

RADIATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 17, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, D MURA LIvINos'roN, a. citizen of the United States, and-a resident of the city'of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Radiator, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to cellular radiators employed on automobiles. More particularly, the invention relates to a type of radiator in which hexagonal ail-cells are formed jointly by opposite walls of two corrugated water tubes and by an intermediate radiating unit.

The present invention is characterized by an expanded radiating element in which a single plate is expanded at intervals in opposite directions to form parallel hexagonal cells in the radiating element, the respective cells being separated by and alternating with unexpanded members presenting plane zones. ,lVhen the expanded radiating element is assembled with water tubes, with fins at the salients as hereinafter described, the corrugations and finsof which present alternately three and five sides of a hexagon, said tubes will form jointly with said element, cells at the sides of the expanded cells and in a horizontal row therewith and will form furthermore, with said clement, additional cells in horizontal alinement at opposite sides of the plane zones. Among the purposes served by the construction thus briefly characterized, are lightness with strength, an ample radiating surface with a minimum amount of metal, and a facility of assembling the various parts and soldering the same without danger of crushing the walls of the water tubes, clear-l appear as the description proceeds.

Re erencc is to be had to the accompanyforming part of this speciich similar reference characters'indicate corresponding parts in both views. L

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of a. portion of the radiating section of a. radiator embodying my invention; and- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved radiating element.

In the illustrated practical embodiment of my invention the numeral 10 indicates .my improved radiator element and the num ral 11 designates two water tubes. The improved radiatmg element is formed from a i 15, cells 15.

as will more ,15, '15",

horizontally with Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

Serial No. 61,995.

plate of single thickness and at intervals the same is expanded laterally atopposite sides to produce members 12 and 13, constituting respectively opposite side walls of horizontal cells 15, each member 12 and 13 presenting three sides of a hexagon. The expanded cells lathus produced are separated by unexpanded members 14 presenting plane zones running lengthwise with the cells and disposed parallel with each other at the median line of said cells.

The respective walls of the water tubes 11 are indicated generally by the numerals 16, 17 and these have radiating fins 18 formed by foldingthe material on itself. The said fins 18 are disposed directions at angles salicnts of the walls 16, depression presented by the corrugated water tube at a side toward the radiating element 10, the depression will present three sides of a hexagon and two adjacent converging fins 18 will form two walls of the said hexagon. The tubes and radiating element are assembled so that the remaining wall of the hexagonal cell will be. formed by a side of an expanded cell of the radiating element, the terminals of the fins '18 contacting with a wall otan expanded tell at a side thereof, the fins ranging oblique to the horizontal. There will thus be formed jointly by the water tubes and theradiating element at the alternately in opposite to the horizontal at the Moreover, there will be formed additional cells 15 at opposite sides of the unexpanded members 14, and jointl by members of adjacent cells 15, the said unexpanded members 1-1, and the members of the respective water tubes 11. The cells, will aline horizontally with one another and the cells, 15", will also aline each other. The cells 15 are separated by the unexpanded members 14; while at the outer sides of said cells 15", the opposed .walls of the water tubes will present vertical members 19 which are parallel with the said members 14.

A single element 10 between a pair of water tubes, in contacting directl with the fins 18 of the latter, effectively braces the tubes and provides the maximum number of radiating members. A light construction is obtained with the maximum number of cells, there being a horizontal row of three air cells alternating with ahorizontal row of two cells. Also. although nhuiinim sides of the expanded cells 17. Thus, at each ra' iating' convergent large number of air cells, an eflicient total number of water tubes is employed in a radiator of given size since the lateral projection of the fins 18 is less because of the obliquity of the said fins than would be the kateral projection of horizontally disposed ns. p In practice, I prefer to form on the plate 10, projecting members 20, adjacent to and at each side of the salients presented by the expanded members 12', 13. The said projecting members 20 are produced by pressing the material of the plate outwardly to form, in efl'ect, a V-groove, which receives the terminals of the fins 18 on the respective Water tubes 11.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent:

1. In a radiator, a radiating element of hexagonal cellular construction formed of a plate of single thickness, expanded at intervals, alternately in o posite directions to form opposed walls 0 parallel cells separated by unexpanded zones of a single thickness, the said plate at the front end being returned on itself, the returned portions following the said unexpanded zones and following the linesat one side of each cell.

2. radiator,'including a pair of water tubes having corrugated walls, and pairs of nsand an intermediate radiating element formed of a single plate expanded at spaced intervals in opposite directions forming opposite walls of a pluralit of hexagonal cells alternating withnon-ce lular members, the said element and the said water tubes and their convergent fins forming hexagonal cells additional to the expanded ce ls ofthe radiating element.

3. In a radiator, a pair of water tubes havcorrugated walls, and an? intermediate element consisting of a plate of single thickness expanded at spaced intervals in opposite directions to form in said element a series of hexagonal cells separated a by in rvening unexpanded zones, the walls of the said water tubes adjacent to the said radiating element presenting members forming, with the said eleinent, cells at the sides of the expanded cells, and additional cells at the o posite sides of the said zones.

4. In a radiator, a pair of water tubes having corrugated walls, and an intermediate radiating element consisting of a plate of a singlethickness e ended at intervals in opposite directions to orm in saidelement having corrugated wa and additional cells at the opposite sides oi the said plane members, said additional cells being in horizontal alinement.

air of water, tubes s, and an intermediate' radiating element consisting of a late of single thickness expanded at spa intervals'in opposite directions to form in said plate rows of hexagonal expanded cells separated by members presenting plane unexpanded zones, said tubes forming with the said element hexagonal cells at opposite sides of the expanded cells and in horizontal alinement therewith, and additional cells in horizontal alinement withveach other at theopposite sides of the said plane zones, those cells in horizontal alinement presenting vertical outer side wall members and vertical separating members parallel with one another. 7

6; In a radiator, a ir of water tubes having corrugated wal s, and an intermediate radiatin element consisting of a plate of single thic ness expanded at spaced intervals in opposite directions to form in said plate rows of hexagonal expanded cells separated by members presenting plane unexpanded zones, the angular corrugations of said water tubes presenting at each depression thereof members forming three sides of a hexagon and there being fins on said tubes at each salient of the tubes, said fins at the ends of eacli depression being convergent, said tubes forming with the said element hexagonal es s" at opposite sides of the expanded cc} and in horizontal alinement therewith, "and additional cells in horizontal alinement with each other at the opposite sides of'the said-plane zones, those cells in horizontal alinement presenting vertical outer side Wall members and vertical separating members parallel with one another.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

D MoRA LIVINGSTON.

5. In a radiator, a 

